Models

The working of the universe is very complex in nature. Humans try to understand the dynamics of the observable world using the concept of models. They are simplified substitutes of reality. 

In Physics, we can consider four types of models, namely simplification model, geometric model, analysis model and structural model.

This approach of learning physics is presented in the book Principles of Physics by Serway and Jewett. Such an approach of presentation of the subject is unique and refreshing to say the least.

Types of Model:

1.     Simplification Model: In this model, details of the real physical system which do not influence the outcome of the study undertaken are ignored.

Ex: In mechanics, the real dimensions of any object under motion are ignored and they are treated as point objects.

2.     Geometric Model: Here the real problem is converted to a geometric construction and the latter is analyzed. The solution arrived at is ascribed to the former.

Ex: A man standing in front of a tree at a distance and trying to determine its height can be geometrically constructed as a simple right angle triangle.

3.     Analysis Model:  Here, learnings from previous instructions are applied in analyzing or solving new situations or problems respectively. The crux lies in the identification of the previous learning and casting of the new situation on the lines of the old one.

Ex: The analysis of two dimensional motion of an object under gravity can be applied in studying the flow of water from the outlet pipe of a water tank.

4.     Structural Model: These models are used to analyze the physical system with which direct interaction is not possible owing to their very big or very small size.

Ex: Planetary model of the solar system and the hydrogen atom.